This Workshop explains typical switchgear maintenance, configurations and arrangements, typical problems encountered in the field and means of extending the life of HV/MV switchgear. The course also highlights training, safety considerations and provides practical guidance for operation, condition monitoring, maintenance and testing of HV/MV switchgear.

Switchgear, like many other types of industrial equipment, is often unnoticed and neglected until it fails to function normally. The level to which switchgear is maintained in industry varies significantly.

• Maintenance levels at one extreme might involve ‘Condition Monitoring’ (Continuous Monitoring) of equipmentwith linear or rotating transducers.
• At the other end of the spectrum, maintenance might only involve doing Periodic Maintenance Tasks (PMT), Inspections or even Major Maintenance Task (MOT).
• One can also run equipment until it breaks down or even self destructs.
• The vast majority of appropriate switchgear maintenance programs will fall somewhere in between these extremes.

This PEGANIX Electrical Distribution Equipment Operation and Maintenance training seminar will take a closer look at the equipment installed in and electrical installation. Safety, security and reliability are the main attributes of all electrical equipment installed. It has to be well designed, installed and commissioned. A well-planned maintenance regime is essential to ensure safe operations and trouble-free electrical operations. Competent workforce and sophisticated testing, measuring and diagnostic instruments are important to avoid system downtime. Distribution equipment plays an important role in the safe distribution of electrical power. Arc flash hazards analysis is vital to ensure that the equipment needs to be operated in a safe manner securing continuity of supply to consumers.

This PEGANIX training course focuses mainly on the operation and maintenance of distribution equipment like transformers, circuit breakers, protection relays and cables concerning auxiliary equipment necessary for its operation. This also includes new technologies incorporated in the transformers and circuit breakers.

TRAINING METHODOLOGY
This PEGANIX Electrical Engineering course will ensure participants’ understanding and importance of primary electrical distribution equipment and maintenance. The goals of each participant are discussed to ensure their needs are fulfilled as far as possible. Questions are encouraged throughout, particularly at the daily wrap-up sessions. This provides opportunities for participants to discuss specific issues and, if possible, find appropriate solutions. Case studies are employed to highlight particular points & appropriate video material is used to illustrate particular conditions.

This PEGANIX training seminar will highlight:

• The importance and significance of maintenance
• Understand the functions and purposes of choosing the correct test instruments
• The severity of arc flashes and mitigation methods
• Safe operations of circuit breakers and transformers
• Principles of the electrical protection system

This training programme is unit standard-based and aligned and is an intermediate level (NQF level 5) technical report writing skills development offering. The programme effectively blends the theory and practice of technical report writing with practical application tools and techniques.

INSTRUCTIONAL METHODOLOGY:

• Practical, facilitated workshop
• A combination of syndicate group discussions, diagnostic and gap analysis learning activities and practical writing exercises. The training programme will be intensive, but practical and highly interactive. Participants will participate actively and ask questions especially pertaining to specific problems.

At the conclusion of this programme, learners will be capacitated to write professional-looking, technical reports. The focus of this training programme will be on the following specific outcomes:

• Gain knowledge in writing and delivering professional and technical documents with greater confidence, clarity and impact
• Understand the steps involved in preparing a report from gathering the data to writing the rough draft
• Gain insight into report styles and how to produce good reports

This course explains the need for the development of engineering drawings as part of the problem solving for the engineers and their relevance to the various departments of an engineering organization. It also explains the various steps involved in the development of drawings; their release and control with reference to the accepted standards. The course explains the various components of a drawing, the common information recorded on drawing and some simple rules pertaining to creation of engineering drawings. It also explains the procedures for planning the layout of a drawing and the concepts of scales, grid referencing and revision marking for drawings. The necessity of development of worldwide standards for drawing symbols, the necessity of development of company specific standards, the requirement of non-standard symbols by drawing offices, the purpose and applications of electrical line diagrams, the conventions and symbols used in line diagrams and provides examples and practical lessons for reading and interpretation of single line diagrams will be explained.

Course Objectives:

• To provide the reader with an overview of the relevance of drawings in an engineering environment and the purpose served by different types of drawings.
• To familiarize the reader briefly with the history of origin of worldwide standards in electro technology and also the standards and procedures usually followed by organizations for development and control of drawings.
• To familiarize the reader with the common information recorded on an engineering drawing and the features of an engineering drawing
• To familiarize the reader with the different sizes, scales, layouts and revision marking standards for engineering drawings
• To familiarize the readers with the symbols used for drawings in electro technology as per international standards and also the common conventions for use of line types for various purposes and services.
• To explain the need for development of company specific standards and the necessity of use of non-standard symbols at times
• To familiarize the reader with the purpose and application of one line and three line diagrams.
• To familiarize the readers with the techniques for preparation, reading and interpretation of single line diagrams with the help of practical examples and questionnaires
• To familiarize the readers with the purpose and application of schematic diagrams.
• To familiarize the readers with the techniques for reading and interpretation of practical examples of schematic diagrams spread over a number of sheets with cross-referencing between coils and contacts
• To familiarize the readers with the basics of logic diagrams with their purpose and application.
• To familiarize the readers with the techniques for understanding and interpreting logic diagrams
• To familiarize the readers with the purpose and application of different types of cabling and wiring diagrams.
• To familiarize the readers with examples of various types of cabling diagrams
• To familiarize the readers with the purpose and application of different types of electrical layouts such as electrical floor plans, lighting layouts, earthing layouts
• To familiarize the readers with examples of various types of electrical layout plans, drawings and schedules.

Principles of ARC Extinction & Alternatives to SF6 Gas Circuit Breakers.

This Peganix Advanced Circuit Breaker Operations and Maintenance training seminar begin with the fundamental principles of arc extinction with the progression of incorporating green gas resulting in the reduction of global warming potential and reduction of carbon footprint.
Circuit breakers play an important role in the safe distribution of electrical power. The equipment needs to be operated, maintained and installed in a safe manner securing continuity of supply to consumers. Circuit switchers have been developed to overcome some of the limitations of fusing for substation power transformers. The method or arc extinction determines the types of circuit breaker.
Hybrid circuit breakers, and state of the art high voltage circuit breakers incorporating alternatives to sulphur hexafluoride are the more efficient and safe for the environment. Higher ratings for high voltage vacuum circuit breaker are commonly installed today.
This Peganix training seminar will highlight:

• Electric power systems are designed to be as fault-free as possible through appropriate network design, equipment design, proper installation and ongoing maintenance
• The Circuit breaker and its associated fault detection equipment, protective relaying, is an extremely important device, through its role of clearing short-circuit currents, disconnecting faulty elements from the power network, and thus maintaining the overall integrity of the power network
• The characteristics of hybrid high voltage circuit breaker and operations
• The introduction of new types of green gas and clean air as the state of the art arc quenching medium in high voltage circuit breakers
• Minimizing downtime by a proper and systematic maintenance program

The course covers the special knowledge and skills needed for the efficient implementation of safe and economical electrical distribution projects. Through interaction with your instructor and fellow participants, you will learn about planning and design considerations, overhead conductors, structure types and loading, fault protection coordination, arc flash, system grounding and electrical and mechanical characteristics of cables. Topics also covered include designs and ratings of distribution transformers, capacitors ratings and types, protection in distribution systems, and distributed generation. Your learning experience will include group discussions of specific situations.

Course Outline:

1. General Planning and Design Considerations
2. Substation Components
3. Conductors
4. Cable Construction, Standards and Specifications
5. Pole Structure, Type, and Design
6. Power Systems Studies
7. Arc Flash
8. Grounding and Distributed Generation
9. Capacitors
10. Pad-mounted Distribution Transformers